Data-center law in Greece

National jurisdiction · as of 2026-09-07

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Greece also regulates data centres specifically: Law 5069/2023 added an operation-notification regime to Law 4442/2016 (Articles 320 to 333), and Joint Ministerial Decision 96038/2024 sets its fees, fines and procedure.

A data-centre project is subject to Greece's general environmental licensing framework, Law 4014/2011 (FEK A' 209, 21.09.2011), which classifies public and private projects and activities into impact-based categories across twelve activity groups fixed by a Ministerial Decision, none of which names data centres or digital infrastructure as a distinct activity.

Greece's strategic-investments fast-track regime, its spatial-planning code, its general energy-market statute governing electricity licensing and any Greek instrument transposing the recast Energy Efficiency Directive's data-centre reporting duty have no row of their own.

01

Instruments on record

3 instruments on record, grouped by the family of approval each one governs.

Land use

Who decides whether a data center may occupy a site, and through what approval?

Joint Ministerial Decision 96038/2024, Notification of Operation of Data Centres

In force

Joint Ministerial Decision 96038/2024, FEK B' 7589/31.12.2024

Effective 2025-03-01 · Applies to both

Joint Ministerial Decision 96038/2024 sets the procedure, content, supporting documents, fee and sanctions for the notification of operation of the data centres of Article 321 of Law 4442/2016. Article 3(1) requires prior notification, in the form set out in the Annex, before a data centre begins to operate.

Article 7(1) sets the fee for the initial notification at 500 euro for a total nominal information technology power from 200 kW to below 400 kW, 1,000 euro from 400 kW to below 1,000 kW, 2,000 euro from 1,000 kW to below 2,000 kW, and 4,000 euro from 2,000 kW. Article 8(1) provides for an administrative fine of 1,000 to 20,000 euro on the operator for a breach of the notification duty.

Article 8(4) sets the fine for omitting the initial notification before operation begins at four times the corresponding fee. Article 8(3) makes the Regional Governor of the region where the data centre is located the authority that imposes the sanctions. Article 9 provides that the decision takes effect two months after its publication in the Government Gazette. The decision was published in Government Gazette B' 7589 on 31 December 2024. The Ministry of Development's Open Business Portal treats 1 March 2025 as the date from which the decision is in force.

Source: Full text of law

Law 4442/2016 Chapter ΜΓ', Notification of Operation of Data Centres

In force

Law 4442/2016, Chapter ΜΓ' (Articles 320 to 333), added by Law 5069/2023, FEK A' 193/28.11.2023

Effective 2023-11-28 · Applies to both

Chapter ΜΓ' of Law 4442/2016, added by Article 3 of Law 5069/2023, defines a data centre as a structure intended for the central hosting, interconnection and operation of information technology equipment that provides data storage, processing and transmission or cloud computing services and has the resilience and security levels needed to provide services with a specific availability.

Article 321(1) places a data centre that provides its services to third parties, in whole or in part, under the notification regime of Article 5 of Law 4442/2016 where the total nominal electrical power of its information technology equipment is at least 200 kW. Article 321(2) applies the same regime to a data centre that serves only the needs of another economic activity (own use) where its information technology equipment has a nominal electrical power of at least 1,000 kW.

Article 322 requires neither notification nor approval under the chapter for a data centre below those thresholds, which is not released from other requirements of the legislation in force. Article 323 makes the development service of the region or regional unit in whose territory the data centre is located the competent authority for the notification.

Under Article 324(1) the operator must have assembled the required supporting documents before filing, and keeps them with the proof of submission at the data centre instead of submitting them with the notification. After the notification is submitted the operator may begin operating the data centre. Article 325(1) requires the operator to give prior notification of any change to the details of the notification. Article 325(3) requires a new notification when the data centre is relocated.

Article 328(1) subjects an operator that omits the notification, supplies false, inaccurate or incomplete details, or lacks the supporting documents to the sanctions of Article 15, with an administrative fine of 1,000 to 20,000 euro. Article 333(1) requires a data centre that was already operating before the implementing acts under Article 331 took effect to notify within one year of those acts taking effect.

Annex II to Law 4442/2016, as amended by Article 4 of Law 5069/2023, brings Articles 320 to 334 into force from the date of their publication. Law 5069/2023 was published in Government Gazette A' 193 on 28 November 2023.

Source: Full text of law

Environmental review

What impact review must precede approval, and who leads it?

Law 4014/2011, Environmental Licensing of Projects and Activities

In force

Law 4014/2011 (Nomos 4014/2011), FEK A' 209/21.09.2011

Effective 2011-09-21 · Applies to both

Law 4014/2011 (FEK A' 209, 21.09.2011) applies to the environmental licensing of projects and activities of the public and private sector. Projects and activities are classified into subcategory A1, subcategory A2, and category B, across twelve numbered activity groups fixed by Ministerial Decision 1958/2012 (FEK B' 21/2012). Subcategory A2 covers projects and activities likely to cause significant environmental effects.

Category B covers projects and activities characterized by local and non-significant environmental effects.

The twelve groups reach land and air transport, hydraulic works, port works, environmental infrastructure systems, extractive activities, tourism and urban-renewal projects, livestock facilities, aquaculture, industrial installations, renewable energy, energy and fuel transport, and special projects and activities, organized by activity type; none of the twelve group headings names a data centre or a digital-infrastructure facility.

A category B project does not require submission and evaluation of an Environmental Impact Study, and instead follows Standard Environmental Commitments built into its construction, installation, or operating permits.

Source: Full text of law

Every entry cites the instrument it describes. None of it is legal advice: verify a citation before relying on it. Full sourcing: read the methodology. The rest of the record: all jurisdictions.